A. Bei den Adlers. Fill in the blanks with the correctly conjugated form of the verb in parentheses.
B. Nominativ und Akkusativ. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the DEFINITE article (e.g. ‘der’).
C. Nominativ und Akkusativ. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the INDEFINITE article (e.g. ‘ein’).
D. Negation: nicht oder kein/e/n? Fill in either “nicht” or the correct form of “kein”.
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BACK TO GRAMMAR WORKSHEETS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Friday, January 15, 2016
Nominativ - Akkusativ, Verben, Negation Worksheet
Thursday, January 14, 2016
Kasus: Nominativ und Akkusativ
Nominativ
The subject of a sentence is the person or thing that is "doing" the verb.
ASK: Who or what is doing?
(who or what is singing? Who or what is sleeping?
The subject of a sentence is always in the nominativ case.
Examples:
The dog is sleeping (who is sleeping? the dog,..)
The man is singing (who is singing? the man...)
The woman sees the girl ( who is seeing? the woman...)
Obama is the President ( Obama is the subject AND the president is also nominative because it follows "to be")
Akkusativ
The direct object receives the action of the verb.
ASK: Who or what is being 'verbed'?
(who or what is being kicked? who or what is being read?)
The direct object of a sentence is always Akkusativ case
Examples:
The woman sees the girl ( Who is being seen? the girl...)
The girl sees the woman (Who is being seen? The woman...)
The man reads the book (what is being read? The book...)
The cow eats the grass (What is being eaten? The grass....)
The grass is eaten by the cow (What is eaten? The grass...)
The woman sees the girl - The woman is the object of this sentence because she is doing the seeing and the girl is the direct object of the sentence because she is being seen by the woman
The cow is eating the grass OR The grass is eaten by the cow - The cow is the subject of the sentence because it is doing the eating (acting) and the grass is the direct object of the sentence because it is being eaten (acted upon).
The subject of a sentence is the person or thing that is "doing" the verb.
ASK: Who or what is doing?
(who or what is singing? Who or what is sleeping?
The subject of a sentence is always in the nominativ case.
Examples:
The dog is sleeping (who is sleeping? the dog,..)
The man is singing (who is singing? the man...)
The woman sees the girl ( who is seeing? the woman...)
Obama is the President ( Obama is the subject AND the president is also nominative because it follows "to be")
Akkusativ
The direct object receives the action of the verb.
ASK: Who or what is being 'verbed'?
(who or what is being kicked? who or what is being read?)
The direct object of a sentence is always Akkusativ case
Examples:
The woman sees the girl ( Who is being seen? the girl...)
The girl sees the woman (Who is being seen? The woman...)
The man reads the book (what is being read? The book...)
The cow eats the grass (What is being eaten? The grass....)
The grass is eaten by the cow (What is eaten? The grass...)
The woman sees the girl - The woman is the object of this sentence because she is doing the seeing and the girl is the direct object of the sentence because she is being seen by the woman
The cow is eating the grass OR The grass is eaten by the cow - The cow is the subject of the sentence because it is doing the eating (acting) and the grass is the direct object of the sentence because it is being eaten (acted upon).
Articles and Case
| Nominative | ||
| Definite | Indefinite | |
| Masc. | Der Tisch ist braun. | Das ist ein Tisch. |
| Fem. | Die Lampe ist neu. | Das ist eine Lampe. |
| Neut. | Das Fenster ist offen. | Das ist ein Fenster. |
| Plural | Die Bücher sind interessant. | Das sind keine Bücher. |
All of the nouns above are in the nominative case because they are
the subjects of the sentences or because they follow the verb “sein.”
the subjects of the sentences or because they follow the verb “sein.”
| Accusative | ||
| Definite | Indefinite | |
| Masc. | Ich sehe den Tisch. | Ich habe einen Tisch. |
| Fem. | Ich sehe die Lampe. | Ich habe eine Lampe. |
| Neut. | Ich sehe das Fenster. | Ich habe ein Fenster. |
| Plural | Ich sehe die Bücher. | Ich habe keine Bücher. |
The nouns above are all in the accusative case because they are direct objects.
In Summary:
Nominative case (who or what is verbing?) is used:
- for the subjects of sentences
- after any form of "to be".
Akkusativ case (who or what is being verbed?) is used:
- for direct objects
- after accusative prepositions
Tuesday, January 12, 2016
Vocabulary - in the classroom and colours.
| Arbeitsblatt: Im Klassenzimmer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A. Das Klassenzimmer. There are at least 16 objects (or people) in the picture below. Write the German nouns, as well as the correct articles (der/die/das) in the blanks provided.
B. Nicht oder kein? Answer the questions with a complete sentence, using either kein(e) or nicht to negate.
C. Farben. Tell what colors each of the objects normally are.
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sourced from: http://www.nthuleen.com/ |
Sunday, January 10, 2016
Ten sentences about my trip to SüdAfrika
1. Ich war im China für elf stunden wegen des Smog verzögert
Corrected: Ich hatte wegen des Smogs in China elf Stunden Verspätung.
2. Ich auf Weihnachten Abend angekommen schließlich
Corrected: Ich bin schließlich am 25. Dezember angekommen.
3. Meine Schwester und ihr Kleinkind abgeholt mich von der Flughafen
Corrected:Meine Schwester und ihr Kind haben mich vom Flughafen abgeholt
4. Meine Eltern und Familie waren sehr überrascht und meine Mutter geschrien.
Corrected:Meine Eltern und Familie waren sehr überrascht und meine Mutter hat geweint
5. Ich brachte Geschenke von Südkorea für meine Familie
Corrected: Ich brachte Geschenke von Südkorea für meine Familie mit
6. Ich ging zu meine Freund in Kapstadt besuchen
Corrected: Ich habe meinen Freund in Kapstadt besucht.
7. Wir gingen zu der Strand am Samstag.
Corrected: Wir gingen zum Strand am Samstag.
8. Tafelberg ist in Kapstadt und ist eine schön Wahrzeichen.
Corrected: Der Tafelberg ist in Kapstadt und ist ein schönes Wahrzeichen.
9. Meine Freund lebt in einer Häuschen.Es hat zwei Schlafzimmer und ist zweistöckig.
Correction: Although zweistöckig isn't incorrect it is more common to use the word zwei Stockwerke. ... Es hat zwei Schalfzimmer und hat zwei Stockwerke..
10. Am Mittwoch ich, meine Familie und Freunden hatten einem Grillfest. Ein Grillfest ist Südafrikanisch.
Correction: Am Mittwoch hatten meine Familie, Freunde und ich ein südafrikanisches Grillfest.
Corrected: Ich hatte wegen des Smogs in China elf Stunden Verspätung.
2. Ich auf Weihnachten Abend angekommen schließlich
Corrected: Ich bin schließlich am 25. Dezember angekommen.
3. Meine Schwester und ihr Kleinkind abgeholt mich von der Flughafen
Corrected:Meine Schwester und ihr Kind haben mich vom Flughafen abgeholt
4. Meine Eltern und Familie waren sehr überrascht und meine Mutter geschrien.
Corrected:Meine Eltern und Familie waren sehr überrascht und meine Mutter hat geweint
5. Ich brachte Geschenke von Südkorea für meine Familie
Corrected: Ich brachte Geschenke von Südkorea für meine Familie mit
6. Ich ging zu meine Freund in Kapstadt besuchen
Corrected: Ich habe meinen Freund in Kapstadt besucht.
7. Wir gingen zu der Strand am Samstag.
Corrected: Wir gingen zum Strand am Samstag.
8. Tafelberg ist in Kapstadt und ist eine schön Wahrzeichen.
Corrected: Der Tafelberg ist in Kapstadt und ist ein schönes Wahrzeichen.
9. Meine Freund lebt in einer Häuschen.Es hat zwei Schlafzimmer und ist zweistöckig.
Correction: Although zweistöckig isn't incorrect it is more common to use the word zwei Stockwerke. ... Es hat zwei Schalfzimmer und hat zwei Stockwerke..
10. Am Mittwoch ich, meine Familie und Freunden hatten einem Grillfest. Ein Grillfest ist Südafrikanisch.
Correction: Am Mittwoch hatten meine Familie, Freunde und ich ein südafrikanisches Grillfest.
Saturday, January 9, 2016
Exercises in aus oder von
Questions with filled in answers
1. Der neue Kollege ist nicht Österreicher, sondern er ist aus Bayern.
2. Es ist nicht sehr weit von hier bis zum Bahnhof.
3. Die Übungen von unserem Lehrer sind oft sehr schwer.
4. Nimm bitte deinen Regenschirm aus dem Rucksack.
5. Die Räuber kommen in diesem Moment aus der Bank.
6. – Wo warst du in der letzten Stunde?
– Ich musste ein Buch zurückbringen. Ich bin gerade aus der Bibliothek gekommen.
– Ich musste ein Buch zurückbringen. Ich bin gerade aus der Bibliothek gekommen.
7. Der Rock von Frau Blümchen ist sehr modisch.
8. Dieses Paket kommt aus den USA.
Translation
1. The new colleague is not Austrian, but rather he is from Bavaria
2. The station is not very far from here. (It is not very far from here to the station)
3. The exercises from our teachers are often very difficult.
4. Please take your umbrella out of the backpack
5. The robbers are coming out of the bank
6. Where were you in the final lesson? I had to return a book. I have just come from the library.
7. The skirt from Mrs Blümchen is very stylish
8. This package comes from the USA.
1.) Er ist Amerikaner. Er kommt aus Amerika.
2.) Von hier bis nach Hause habe ich es nicht weit.
3.) Ich habe von meiner Oma ein Geschenk bekommen.
4.) Wir sind von Freitag bis Samstag im Urlaub.
5.) Der Eiffelturm ist aus Metall (Stahl) gebaut.
6.) Wir kommen von unserer Oma.
7.) Ich komme von der Arbeit.
8.) Jetzt kommt der erste Passagier aus dem Flugzeug.
9.) Im komme aus dem Haus heraus.
10.) Von wem kommst du?
Translation
Translation
1. He is American. He comes from America
2. I don't have far to go from here to home (from here to home it is not far)
3. I got a gift from my grandmother
4. We are on holiday from Friday to Saturday
5. The Eiffel tower is made out of metal (steel).
6. We are coming from our grandmother.
7. I am coming from work
8. The first passenger is coming out of the aeroplane now.
9. Coming out of the house.
10. Who are you coming from?
Friday, January 8, 2016
Aus oder von - from or from
While getting my homework together I discovered "aus"
and "von" which kind of mean the same thing, but at the same time can
have very different meanings.
Here are some
notes that I took while researching the differences:
Aus - literal translation is "out
of". Another way to look at that is that it is the opposite of the English
word "in/into". So aus carries the idea of "out of". This
is not a problem when you consider this preposition used in context of
buildings and places you can enter.
1. places that
can be entered
Ich gehe aus dem
Haus - (I go out of the house)
Ich komme aus Berlin - (I come out of
(from) Berlin)
Since countries
and cities are considered 'enter-able' in German, no matter the geographical
size, it is perfectly OK to say that one comes 'out of' England. In addition,
to say that you kommt aus a country generally means that you are a native to
the country or city or have grown up in the country or city.
Wir kommen aus
Amerika. - (we're from America) Indicating that we are American
However, saying
that you have come from a country or city may also mean that you have just
arrived from said country or city , rather than being a native. There are
two ways to indicate the difference.
1. Context (has the
speaker returned from a holiday or business trip?)
2. To use the
colloquial version and replace aus with von. Wir kommen von New York - We're
coming from New York
2. material
use.
Aus can also be
used when referred to material use.
Der Tisch ist aus
Holz - (the
table is made from/out of wood)
While using von
here would be more logical since a piece of wood is certainly not 'enter-able',
the German language sees the table as more of an emergence. Just like plants
that grow 'out of' the ground, a wooden table has been 'scooped' out of the
wood.
Von - von can be said to denote origins that you cannot enter and
is literally translated as 'from'. The best example of this are persons.
Ich komme von meinem
Bruder - (I
am coming from my brother)
Ich komme von der
Reise - (
I am coming from a trip)
These two
examples, brother and trip, are not 'enter-able'. This not 'enter-able' idea
works fairly well, apparently, but there are of course some exceptions. An
example being brand names
Ich komme von Aldi - (I'm coming
from Aldi) Aldi, for those
who don't know (a.k.a me) is a supermarket.
Of course a
supermarket is 'enter-able', but Aldi is also a chain. As soon as you specify which Aldi you are coming from then the
prep changes from von to aus
Ich komme aus dem
Aldi... (the
one next to the gas station).
In
conclusion:
Aus is used to
indicate origins that you can enter(countries, cities, towns), that are
material and that are human made geographical locations (buildings).
Von is used for origins
which cannot be entered, like people, brand names and activities.
Pronunciation of the umlaut, the vowel, the double and single s and the combination vowels
Ää - long sound like 'ere' in there. Eeehhhh
Öö - er in ergonomics.. Or 'o' in word
Üü - ooh. Short ooh sound but with a flat mouth shape rather than a round. Über
s - soft zzzzz, like a bee. Beginning of words and after long vowels. Die Sonne.
ss - sharp s. S in snake. Only used after short vowels. Die Gosse
ß - sharp s (after long vowels) die soße
au - "ow", auf
äu - "oy", Häuser
ei - "eye", ein, Eimer
eu - "oy", heute, deutsch.
ie - "ee", liebe
A - "uh" under
E - "eh" eggplant
I - "ee" feet
O - "oh" short sound with no English twist to it. "or" without the 'r'.
U - "oo" ooh in pooh with no swing or lilt.
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)